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CERT^® Advisory CA-1996-19 Vulnerability in expreserve

Original issue date: August 15, 1996
Last revised: September 24, 1997
Updated copyright statement

A complete revision history is at the end of this file. This advisory supersedes CA-93.09 and CA-93.09a.

The CERT Coordination Center has received reports of a vulnerability in expreserve. Though this is not a new vulnerability, it is one that is widely known and that many users have not yet patched. The CERT/CC team recommends that you patch your system as soon as possible, as exploitation scripts are publicly available. Appendix A contains the information we have received from vendors. Until you can install a patch, you should apply the workaround in Section III below.

We will update this advisory as we receive additional information. Please check advisory files regularly for updates that relate to your site.

I. Description

Expreserve is a utility that preserves the state of a file being edited by vi(1) or ex(1) when an edit session terminates abnormally or when the system crashes. Expreserve has a vulnerability that allows users to overwrite any file on the system. Exploitation scripts are publicly

II. Impact

By exploiting this vulnerability, users with access to an account on the system can readily gain root privileges.

III. Solution

A. Apply a patch or workaround provided by your vendor.

Below is a summary list of the vendors who have provided information, which we have placed in Appendix A of this advisory. If your vendor's name is not on this list, please contact the vendor directly.

B. Until you are able to apply a patch or workaround, we recommend that you remove the execute permissions on the existing /usr/lib/expreserve program.

Do this as root:

% /usr/bin/chmod a-x /usr/lib/expreserve This workaround disables expreserve functionality. The result of this workaround is that if vi(1) or ex(1) is running, and the sessions are interrupted, the files being edited will not be preserved and all edits not explicitly saved by the users will be lost. Encourage users to save their files often.

Appendix A: Vendor Information

Below is information we have received from vendors concerning the vulnerability described in this advisory. If you do not see your vendor's name, please contact the vendor directly for information.

Berkeley Software Design, Inc.

BSD/OS is not vulnerable to this problem. We ship the current Keith Bostic nvi which does not use the old expreserve scheme to save files (it uses the 4.4BSD-style 1777 tmp directories to store user tmp files in /var/tmp owned by the user and therefore doesn't require a setuid scheme to recover them).

Cray Research

We have fixed this problem at Cray Research in Unicos version 7.0.

Data General Corporation

The binary /usr/lib/expreserve is not a setuid program on DG/UX, any flavor. We are not, therefore, vulnerable to the exploitation described. Nevertheless, the suggested change has been made and will be included in subsequent releases of DG/UX.

Digital Equipment Corporation

This reported problem is not present for Digital's ULTRIX or Digital UNIX Operating Systems Software.

SOURCE:

Digital Equipment Corporation
Software Security Response Team
Copyright (c) Digital Equipment Corporation 1996. All rights reserved.

8/13/96 - DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION

Hewlett-Packard Company

   PROBLEM:  **REVISED 01**  Vulnerability in /usr/lib/expreserve in HP-UX
	     9.X and 10.X
   PLATFORM: HP 9000 series 300/400s and 700/800s
   DAMAGE:   The default permissions of file expreserve(1) are in error,
	     thereby allowing users to potentially gain root privileges
	     on the host.
   SOLUTION: Apply patch PHCO_6363 (series 700/800, HP-UX 9.x), or
			 PHCO_7833 (series 300/400, HP-UX 9.x), or
			 PHCO_8652 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.0X), or
			 PHCO_8653 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.10), or
			 PHCO_8654 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.20).

    Perform the actions described below in releases of HP-UX prior
	   to 9.X.)

   AVAILABILITY:  All patches are available now.
   CHANGE SUMMARY:  New patches available for releases of HP-UX 10.XX.

A. Additional patches for HP-UX have been released to address the vulnerability originally appearing in the 18 July 1996 version of the Hewlett-Packard bulletin.

A private communication to HP described a vulnerability that allows ordinary users to potentially gain super-user privileges. The default permission for the file /usr/lib/expreserve (or on HP-UX 10.X /usr/lbin/expreserve) needs only minimal privileges. If the patches mentioned above are applied the vulnerability cannot be exploited.

In case no patches is available for your host HP-UX release, system administrators are asked to perform the following action to achieve the same result.

Fixing the problem

They should:

For HP-UX 10.X systems applying the patches specified above is now in order.

Hewlett-Packard recommends that all customers concerned with the security of their HP-UX systems either apply the appropriate patch or perform the actions described above as soon as possible.

How to Install the Patch

1. Determine which patch is appropriate for your hardware platform and operating system:

2. Hewlett Packard's HP-UX patches are available via email and World Wide Web

To obtain a copy of the HP SupportLine email service user's guide, send the following in the TEXT PORTION OF THE MESSAGE to support@us.external.hp.com (no Subject is required):
send guide

The users guide explains the HP-UX patch downloading process via email and other services available.

World Wide Web service for downloading of patches
is available via our URL:
(http://us.external.hp.com).

3. Apply the patch to your HP-UX system.

4. Examine /tmp/update.log (in 9.X) or /var/adm/sw/swinstall.log (in 10.X), for any relevant WARNINGs or ERRORs.

Impact:
These patches for HP-UX releases 9.X and 10.X provide a proper permissions /usr/lib/expreserve which fixes the vulnerability. No patches will be available for versions of HP-UX older than 9.X. Instead, the workaround is described above.

IBM Corporation

AIX versions 3.2.5, 4.1, and 4.2 are not vulnerable to this particular problem.

IBM and AIX are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.

NeXT Software, Inc.

This problem was fixed in or before release 3.3 of NeXTstep.

Open Software Foundation

OSF's OSF/1 R1.3 is not effected by this vulnerability.

The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc.

SCO Operating Systems are not vulnerable to this problem.

Silicon Graphics, Inc.

The Silicon Graphics implementation of expreserv is setgid sys and not setuid root as reported in the CERT* advisory. As such this redefines the exposure to a setgid sys issue. Exploit would have to occur on group sys writable files, however, on a default configured IRIX system there are no system critical files that are group sys writable and therefore exposure and exploit does not exist.

Silicon Graphics will not be releasing a patch for this issue, however, the issue will be corrected in future releases of IRIX.

If desired, the setgid permission of the expreserv could be removed however, this will disable the recovery functions of the vi(1) and ex(1) editors. This functionality could be fixed by manually creating directories for each user in /var/preserve directory.

Sun Microsystems, Inc.

System          Patch ID    Filename           MD5 Checksum
 ------          --------    ---------------    -----------
 SunOS 4.1.1     101080-01   101080-01.tar.Z    53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3
 SunOS 4.1.2     101080-01   101080-01.tar.Z    53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3
 SunOS 4.1.3     101080-01   101080-01.tar.Z    53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3
 SunOS 4.1.3C    101080-01   101080-01.tar.Z    53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3
 SunOS 4.1.3_U1  101579-01   101579-01.tar.Z    327b89942b02c4cb15bb80bf61b2df94
 SunOS 4.1.4     Not vulnerable

 Solaris 2.0     101119-01   101119-01.tar.Z    No longer available
 Solaris 2.1     101089-01   101089-01.tar.Z    No longer available
 Solaris 2.2     101090-01   101090-01.tar.Z    e9ff98823abbc75d95410a0cb7856644
 Solaris 2.3     Vulnerable; no patch made
 Solaris 2.4     102756-01   102756-01.tar.Z    61f4a48ddba41ae1c27e70b84f4c8d87
 Solaris 2.4_x86 102757-01   102757-01.tar.Z    1f2b7f3824565ef849eb3c4677567399
 Solaris 2.5     Not vulnerable
 Solaris 2.5.1   Not vulnerable

The CERT Coordination Center thanks all the vendors who provided input for this advisory.

This document is available from: http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-1996-19.html

CERT/CC Contact Information

Email: cert@cert.org
Phone: +1 412-268-7090 (24-hour hotline)
Fax: +1 412-268-6989
Postal address:

CERT Coordination Center
Software Engineering Institute
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
U.S.A.

CERT/CC personnel answer the hotline 08:00-17:00 EST(GMT-5) / EDT(GMT-4) Monday through Friday; they are on call for emergencies during other hours, on U.S. holidays, and on weekends.

Using encryption

We strongly urge you to encrypt sensitive information sent by email. Our public PGP key is available from

http://www.cert.org/CERT_PGP.key

If you prefer to use DES, please call the CERT hotline for more information.

Getting security information

CERT publications and other security information are available from our web site

http://www.cert.org/

* "CERT" and "CERT Coordination Center" are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

NO WARRANTY
Any material furnished by Carnegie Mellon University and the Software Engineering Institute is furnished on an "as is" basis. Carnegie Mellon University makes no warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied as to any matter including, but not limited to, warranty of fitness for a particular purpose or merchantability, exclusivity or results obtained from use of the material. Carnegie Mellon University does not make any warranty of any kind with respect to freedom from patent, trademark, or copyright infringement.

Conditions for use, disclaimers, and sponsorship information

Revision History

Sep. 24, 1997  Updated copyright statement
Dec. 20, 1996  Appendix A, HP - revised information from vendor has been
	       included.
Aug. 30, 1996  Information previously in the README was inserted into the
               advisory.
Aug. 28, 1996  Appendix A, SGI - added an entry for this vendor.
Aug. 21, 1996  Appendix A, Sun - added more patch information.

CERT® Advisory CA-1996-19 Vulnerability in expreserve